Apparatus for producing lower boiling point hydrocarbons



c. P. DUBBS Dec. 6, 1932.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LOWER BOILING POINT HYPROCARBONS Original Filed Nov; 4 1 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 km sg v kg Dec. 6, 1932. c. P. DUBBS 1,890,316

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LOWER BOILING POINT HYDROCARBONS Original Fi ledNov. 4, 1918 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 L Pg A a I 3 r. \bQMkoKQk m Vs M.

c. Fa. DUBBS Dec. 6, 1932.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LOWER BOILING POINT HYDROCARBONS 4 Sheets-Sheef, 5

Original Filed Nov. 4 1918 Dec. 6, 1932. c. P. DUBBS 1,890,316

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LOWER BOILING POINT HYDROGARBONS Original Filed Nov. 4, 1918 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 p f z a a xw line D through line 1 -8. R and R-lare draw off lines from the vapor chamber E.

, 1,2, 3, 4, and 6 are'valves, X and XTl are cleaning plates. I

-Describing now the courseof the 011 and vapors, the material to be treated may be I V drawn from any suitable source of supply as for instance as shown in the drawing by tank Pin; which the raw material to be treated may be stored. This tank P is connected by means ofpipe P1 pressure pump P-Q j which dischargesgthrough line P3 into line D' into that section of the heating coils marked B1 and then into chamber'F. The vapors generated pass olf through "line Fig.4) and-from there pass through line 'D4- into vapor chamber "The vapors generated. and accumulated in the vapor chamber Eipass upthrough goose-neck G into manifold G- l through pipes -G2, G 3,

G and (it-"5: into manifold G'6 and such vapors'that arecondensed therein are automatically'drained' back to vapor chamber E andsubjected to further treatment, While the remaining vapors pass from manifold G 6 I 53.0-

down through line G-7 through water cooled coilG-8, through line G10 into receiver H and from which: it can be drawn off continuouslyor intermittently through line; H--3 through valve II-4. The excessincondensible gases: are automatically relieved through pressure regulating valve.H-1 or it may be Y relieved through an ordinary valve (not shown) 'The oil in the vapor chamber E,

passes downthrougli line D2into suction of pump C and is forced by this pump through line D through coils marked B 1 positioned inthe furnace A and'discharged intoreceptacle Fas already described.

Pressure gauges and pyrometers are posi beingltreated; the extent of the cracking takingpla'ce, etc. The oil in the vapor chamber Emust be always maintained above the outletfto D'.2, in order toinsure afull supply being furnished the pump C. The supply of oil to chamber F should be sufiicient to keep the pump (;1 supplied with oil. 7

'Maintain ng a high velocity on they oil while passing through the heating tubes will tend to keep the carbon and other solidmatters in 'suspension and to a great extent" prevent same-from adhering to the walls of the tubes and when this oil is discharged into one end ofthe vapor chamber E the vapor chamberE being ofmuch larger ca- 'p'acity the velocity of the oil, as it'flows from 165 one endofthe vapor chamber E'to the other limits not absolute in either case. a t V p I v [I claim as myinvention:

tioned in different places in the apparatus so gthat'the proper "temperatures and. pressures nay be, maintained? Suchpressures and temperatures will; vary according to the 'oil end of the vapor chamber, is greatly reduced and any excess carbon or other solid mat ters that are held in the solution or suspension by means of a higher agitationor velocity, will be precipitated out in the vapor chamber E and there held while the oil is drawn-off from the vapor chamber E and again passes through the heating coils in the l furnace A and subjected to further treat ment. In order to have a large capacity vapor chamber and prevent substantial vaporization taking place in the heating tubes, I, have provided a chamber F, to be interposed between'the heating coils and in whichthe oil is discharged and relieved of its Vapors and'then by means of another pump &sent back through the'furnace in other coils and then discharged into one end of the vapor Chamber and as many of these chambers "and pumps can be used as. is found necessaryto handle the desired capacity of the plant. The

residuum and more orless of thecarbo-n and .other solid matters that settle therein are drawn on through linesR and R-1V either continuously or. intermittently as likewise the raw material can be fed into the apprevent heavy loss of heat by radiation. 7

The entire system is subjected to a pressure e ther vapor or gas or otherwise created which pressure will range from 5 pound's to500 pounds per square inch; the pressure used paratus either continuously; or intermittenti V i varying according to the conditions to be met,

such as the particular oil under treatmentand the productsdesired; The temperature to which the oil will be heated will presumablyas V vary from 400 F."to12O0V Ethoughlthese oils; comprisinga fplurality of heating coils of restricted,,cross sectional area disposed within-a furnace, means for-passing the oil successively through'eachxof the plurality of coils, means positioned intermediate'saidcoils 1. An apparatus for treating hydrocarbon upi I to relievethe oil of its vaporousconstituents coil,,means for passing the oil from. the last of said coils to an enlarged vapor chamber wherein substantial conversion of the oil 00- curs, means for dephlegmating the evolved vapors, means forreturning the reflux conprior to its vpassagethrough the subsequent her to the inlet of thelfirst of'said coils,- and means for maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on the oil undergoingconversion.

7 2. In an apparatus for continuously treating hydrocarbon oils, the combination of a arately withdrawingvaporsand unvaporiz'ed heating zone, a vapor chamber, a reflux conoil from said chamber, a partial condenser denser, a final condenser and'receiver serially for the withdrawnwapors, and a final conconnected, said heating zone comprising a. denser commumcatmg wlth 831d partial conplurality of elongated passageways, means denser.

interposed between saidpassageways for relieving the oil of its vaporous constituents prior to its passage through the subsequent passageway, and means for returning unvaporized reflux condensate and the lighter unvaporized residual oil from the vapor chamber under a mechanical pressure to the inlet of the first ofjsaid elongated passageways.

3. Anapparatus for continuously treating hydrocarbon oils, consisting of .a pair of coils of restricted cross-section disposed within a furnace, means interposed between said coils for relieving the oilpassed through" the first coil of its vaporous constituents prior to its passage through the second coil, and means for accelerating the velocity of the oil passed through'the second coil, means for delivering the oil from the seconds coil to an enlarged vapor chamber wherein substantial conversion occurs, means for ,de--' phlegmating, condensing and collecting the evolved vapors, means for returning unvaporized reflux condensate and the lighter unvaporized residual oil from said vapor chamher under mechanical pressure to the inlet of the first of said) coils, andmeans for continuously withdrawing heavy carbon-containing residual oil from said vapor chamber.

4:. In an apparatus of the character described, the combinationwith a pair of heating coils seated in a furnace, of a separating receptacle interposed between the said coils and a vapor chamber mounted above the heating coils, a pump for forcing oil through the first heating coil, means for passing from said separating receptacle the vapors generated in the first heating coil to said vapor chamber, means for pumping the unvaporized oil through the'second heating coil, means for passing the oil from the second heating coil to the vapor chamber, means fortakingofi and condensing vapors from the vapor chamber, and means for returning the oil from the vapor chamberto the first coil.

5. A hydrocarbon oil cracking apparatus which comprises a pair of heating coils disposed within a furnace and connected in series, means outside the furnace interposed between said coils for relieving the oil which has passed through the first coil of its vaporous components prior to its passage through the second coil, a pump interposed between said means andthe second coil for acceler ating the flow of liquid oil from said means through said second coil, a vapor separating chamber communicating with the outlet end of said second coil, a vapor conduit for passing vapors relieved from the oil in said means 

